{"id":1608,"date":"2026-06-11T03:33:44","date_gmt":"2026-06-10T22:03:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stnews.live\/2026\/06\/sec-custody-rule-crypto-investment-advisers-explained-today-2\/"},"modified":"2026-06-11T03:33:44","modified_gmt":"2026-06-10T22:03:44","slug":"sec-custody-rule-crypto-investment-advisers-explained-today","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stnews.live\/fr\/2026\/06\/sec-custody-rule-crypto-investment-advisers-explained-today\/","title":{"rendered":"R\u00e8gle de garde de la SEC pour les conseillers en investissement crypto expliqu\u00e9e aujourd’hui"},"content":{"rendered":"“`html\n\n

Cet article est uniquement \u00e0 des fins d’information et ne constitue pas un conseil financier ou d’investissement. Les march\u00e9s des cryptomonnaies sont tr\u00e8s volatils. Faites toujours vos propres recherches avant de prendre des d\u00e9cisions d’investissement.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n

Le 3 septembre 2024, la SEC<\/a> a accus\u00e9 un ancien conseiller en investissement enregistr\u00e9 de ne pas avoir utilis\u00e9 un d\u00e9positaire qualifi\u00e9 pour des actifs<\/a> cryptographiques class\u00e9s comme titres. Cette action d’application tr\u00e8s m\u00e9diatis\u00e9e \u2014 qui est survenue alors que les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s de conseil se tournaient vers l’exposition aux actifs num\u00e9riques \u2014 a intensifi\u00e9 la pression r\u00e9glementaire sur les conseillers en investissement actifs dans le domaine des cryptomonnaies.<\/p>\n\n\n

Les conseillers font maintenant face \u00e0 une application renforc\u00e9e de la \u00ab R\u00e8gle de garde \u00bb de la SEC, avec des orientations mises \u00e0 jour \u00e9voluant parall\u00e8lement \u00e0 la tokenisation et aux op\u00e9rations DeFi, selon les actions r\u00e9centes de la SEC. Alors que l’int\u00e9r\u00eat institutionnel pour les cryptomonnaies continue d’acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer, et que l’effondrement de FTX met en lumi\u00e8re les risques op\u00e9rationnels, les donn\u00e9es du march\u00e9 montrent qu’une question se d\u00e9marque : les conseillers en investissement doivent-ils d\u00e9tenir des tokens cryptographiques avec un d\u00e9positaire qualifi\u00e9, et quelles sont les exigences de conformit\u00e9 r\u00e9glementaire dans ce climat en rapide \u00e9volution ?<\/p>\n\n\n

Selon Sidley<\/a>, la R\u00e8gle de garde f\u00e9d\u00e9rale \u2014 R\u00e8gle 206(4)-2 en vertu de la Loi sur les conseillers en investissement de 1940 \u2014 exige que les conseillers en investissement enregistr\u00e9s conservent les titres des clients, incluant maintenant de nombreux actifs cryptographiques, avec un \u00ab d\u00e9positaire qualifi\u00e9 \u00bb. Ces d\u00e9positaires doivent \u00eatre des banques r\u00e9glement\u00e9es, des courtiers ou des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s de fiducie soumises \u00e0 une surveillance rigoureuse. Les r\u00e9centes actions d’application de la SEC transmettent un message clair : d\u00e9tenir des cryptomonnaies en dehors des d\u00e9positaires approuv\u00e9s entra\u00eene des violations. De plus, le 3 septembre 2024, la SEC a inflig\u00e9 une amende \u00e0 un ancien conseiller qui n’a pas conserv\u00e9 des cryptomonnaies similaires \u00e0 des titres avec un d\u00e9positaire qualifi\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n

Sidley documente une amende de 225 000 $ impos\u00e9e pour cette violation, montrant comment ne pas suivre les r\u00e8gles peut devenir une erreur co\u00fbteuse \u2014 et publique \u2014 pour les conseillers g\u00e9rant des fonds<\/a> et portefeuilles cryptographiques. Citant Iqeq<\/a>, le personnel de la SEC a soulign\u00e9 que les conseillers en investissement enregistr\u00e9s (RIA) et les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s d’investissement enregistr\u00e9es doivent suivre la R\u00e8gle de garde pour tous les actifs concern\u00e9s, sous peine de lourdes sanctions. Cela est vrai m\u00eame si de nouveaux types d’actifs semblent \u00e9merger chaque trimestre. Les conseillers qui ne v\u00e9rifient pas le statut r\u00e9glement\u00e9 de leurs d\u00e9positaires cryptographiques exposent \u00e0 la fois eux-m\u00eames et leurs clients \u00e0 de lourdes p\u00e9nalit\u00e9s et, souvent au m\u00eame moment, au risque de pertes de fonds.<\/p>\n\n\n

225 000 $ \u2014 Amende pour \u00e9chec de garde cryptographique en 2024, selon Sidley.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n\n\n

Port\u00e9e des Actifs Cryptographiques Sous la Surveillance de la SEC<\/h2>\n\n\n

La SEC a consid\u00e9rablement \u00e9largi la port\u00e9e de la r\u00e8gle de garde pour couvrir non seulement les actifs d\u00e9j\u00e0 r\u00e9glement\u00e9s comme titres, mais un univers plus large d’actifs num\u00e9riques, selon Morganlewis<\/a>. Et parce que les \u00ab actifs cryptographiques non d\u00e9j\u00e0 concern\u00e9s \u00bb \u2014 y compris les tokens avec des caract\u00e9ristiques d’utilit\u00e9 ou de gouvernance \u2014 sont d\u00e9sormais consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme soumis aux normes f\u00e9d\u00e9rales, le fardeau de conformit\u00e9 est beaucoup plus large. Les amendements \u00e0 la fois \u00e0 la Loi sur les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s d’investissement de 1940 et \u00e0 la Loi sur les conseillers signifient que les conseillers en investissement ne peuvent pas simplement laisser un actif num\u00e9rique en dehors des exigences de conformit\u00e9 simplement parce qu’il n’est pas class\u00e9 sous la loi traditionnelle sur les titres, comme le confirment les actions de la SEC et les rapports de Morganlewis.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n\n\n

Qui Qualifie Comme D\u00e9positaire pour les Actifs Num\u00e9riques ?<\/h2>\n\n\n

Selon Iqeq, les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s de fiducie agr\u00e9\u00e9es par l’\u00c9tat (STC) sont d\u00e9sormais express\u00e9ment reconnues comme des d\u00e9positaires qualifi\u00e9s pour les actifs num\u00e9riques \u2014 tant qu’elles respectent des normes f\u00e9d\u00e9rales strictes.<\/p>\n\n\n

Morganlewis expose clairement les \u00e9tapes : les RIA et les fonds enregistr\u00e9s doivent obtenir et examiner les derniers \u00e9tats financiers annuels de la STC, qui doivent \u00eatre audit\u00e9s par des comptables publics ind\u00e9pendants et pr\u00e9par\u00e9s conform\u00e9ment aux principes comptables accept\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n

Selon Sidley, la diligence raisonnable des conseillers ou des fonds ne peut pas simplement \u00eatre une case coch\u00e9e au lancement d’une relation. En plus des \u00e9tats financiers annuels et des rapports de contr\u00f4le SOC-1, les conseillers doivent informer les clients de tout risque r\u00e9el de garde et prouver que l’utilisation d’une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de fiducie d’\u00c9tat sert v\u00e9ritablement les meilleurs int\u00e9r\u00eats de leurs clients. L’accord de garde lui-m\u00eame doit inclure des protections telles que des restrictions sur la r\u00e9hypoth\u00e8que et des interdictions sur les engagements d’actifs non autoris\u00e9s, ainsi qu’une confirmation que les actifs restent toujours au nom du client.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n\n\n

Garanties et Protections des Investisseurs<\/h2>\n\n\n

Sidley souligne que les accords conseiller-d\u00e9positaire doivent fournir une tenue de registres en temps r\u00e9el et toujours garder les actifs cryptographiques des clients s\u00e9par\u00e9s (\u00ab segregated \u00bb). Cela va au-del\u00e0 de la simple compl\u00e9tion de la paperasse. S’il y a une erreur de rapport ou si les actifs des clients et de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 sont m\u00e9lang\u00e9s, des enqu\u00eates r\u00e9glementaires peuvent suivre. Les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s de fiducie sont tenues de fournir \u00e0 la fois des \u00e9tats financiers audit\u00e9s et des rapports de contr\u00f4le internes \u00e0 jour \u2014 g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement de type SOC-1 \u2014 qui traitent de la cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9, de la stabilit\u00e9 op\u00e9rationnelle et de contr\u00f4les sp\u00e9cifiques pour prot\u00e9ger les actifs cryptographiques, comme le confirme l’orientation de la SEC.<\/p>\n\n\n

Les conseillers doivent \u00e9galement partager des risques clairs avec les clients et les membres du conseil \u2014 en particulier concernant les lacunes de juridiction, les erreurs techniques ou l’assurance limit\u00e9e. Il y a d\u00e9sormais une attente de conserver des dossiers de chaque analyse \u00ab des meilleurs int\u00e9r\u00eats \u00bb, de mettre \u00e0 jour r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement les examens des risques et de fournir aux clients le raisonnement derri\u00e8re chaque choix de fournisseur de garde.<\/p>\n\n\n

Iqeq note que le soulagement sans action de la SEC ne s’applique qu’aux actifs num\u00e9riques et aux liquidit\u00e9s associ\u00e9es qui soutiennent les transactions cryptographiques \u2014 la garde des actifs traditionnels reste un d\u00e9fi juridique distinct. Les conseillers doivent \u00e9galement garantir des dispositions contractuelles telles que des interdictions sur la r\u00e9hypoth\u00e8que non autoris\u00e9e et toujours d\u00e9signer les actifs cryptographiques g\u00e9r\u00e9s au nom du client ou du fonds, et non au nom du d\u00e9positaire. Le personnel de la SEC a relev\u00e9 la barre : la conformit\u00e9 n’est pas seulement une formalit\u00e9, mais un devoir actif et continu pour chaque conseiller actif dans les actifs num\u00e9riques.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n\n\n

Diligence Raisonnable et R\u00e9vision Continue<\/h2>\n\n\n

Les conseillers en investissement doivent commander des audits financiers annuels et des rapports de contr\u00f4le SOC-1 (ou \u00e9quivalents) frais des d\u00e9positaires cryptographiques, selon Morganlewis.<\/p>\n\n\n

Morganlewis pr\u00e9cise : si un conseiller ou un fonds ne peut pas effectuer le travail pour soutenir une r\u00e9elle confiance dans la conformit\u00e9 d’un d\u00e9positaire \u2014 avec les exigences f\u00e9d\u00e9rales, \u00e9tatiques et op\u00e9rationnelles \u2014 d\u00e9l\u00e9guer la garde n’est pas autoris\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n\n\n

Actions d’Application et P\u00e9nalit\u00e9s Notables<\/h2>\n\n\n

L’application de la SEC, surtout apr\u00e8s l’\u00e9chec de FTX, a clairement chang\u00e9 de cap. L’amende de 225 000 $ inflig\u00e9e \u00e0 un ancien conseiller en septembre 2024 montre \u00e0 quel point les enjeux peuvent \u00eatre \u00e9lev\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n

La Division de la gestion des investissements de la SEC a construit une r\u00e9putation pour poursuivre des affaires o\u00f9 les RIA laissent les actifs num\u00e9riques quitter la garde contr\u00f4l\u00e9e \u2014 ou atterrir dans des portefeuilles \u00ab hors-la-loi \u00bb, ou interagir avec des contrats intelligents manquant de contr\u00f4les comptables solides. Les cl\u00e9s priv\u00e9es perdues, la r\u00e9hypoth\u00e8que non autoris\u00e9e, ou les lancements de tokens sans soutien ad\u00e9quat invitent tous \u00e0 l’enqu\u00eate. Lorsque les choses tournent mal, les conseillers peuvent faire face \u00e0 plus que des amendes \u2014 des poursuites judiciaires, des dommages \u00e0 la r\u00e9putation, et des corrections op\u00e9rationnelles obligatoires sont courantes, alors que les clients cherchent \u00e0 obtenir une compensation pour toute perte.<\/p>\n\n\n

Les conseillers du mauvais c\u00f4t\u00e9 de l’application de la SEC doivent souvent r\u00e9viser leurs programmes de conformit\u00e9, travailler avec des auditeurs ou des consultants externes, et prendre d’autres mesures avant de regagner la confiance des clients.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n\n\n

Demande Croissante pour la Garde des Actifs Num\u00e9riques<\/h2>\n\n\n

Sidley souligne que \u00ab la demande pour les services de garde des actifs num\u00e9riques a consid\u00e9rablement augment\u00e9 \u00bb \u2014 un changement aliment\u00e9 par des paris institutionnels plus importants, le lancement de fonds cryptographiques diversifi\u00e9s, et des obstacles de conformit\u00e9 toujours plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s. D\u00e9sormais, des entrants comme des startups fintech, des affili\u00e9s bancaires, et des sp\u00e9cialistes uniquement cryptographiques se pr\u00e9cipitent tous pour aider les RIA \u00e0 r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 des exigences de diligence raisonnable strictes, tout en apportant des outils comme l’analyse on-chain, la garde multi-signatures, et des protections en temps r\u00e9el.<\/p>\n\n\n

Morganlewis d\u00e9clare que la SEC s’attend \u00e0 ce que les conseillers v\u00e9rifient la capacit\u00e9 d’un d\u00e9positaire \u00e0 prot\u00e9ger les actifs cryptographiques \u00e0 la fois par la technologie (par exemple, la gestion avanc\u00e9e des cl\u00e9s) et par des op\u00e9rations solides (prouvant qu’il n’y a pas de m\u00e9lange, avec des journaux de transactions en direct et des rapports r\u00e9glementaires continus).<\/p>\n\n\n

D\u00e9terminations des Meilleurs Int\u00e9r\u00eats pour les Clients<\/h3>\n\n\n

Les conseillers d’aujourd’hui doivent prouver qu’ils ne se contentent pas de respecter les r\u00e8gles \u2014 ils doivent documenter que leur syst\u00e8me de garde place les int\u00e9r\u00eats des clients au-dessus de tout. Cette analyse des \u00ab meilleurs int\u00e9r\u00eats \u00bb est devenue centrale aux attentes de la SEC. Elle doit clairement exposer \u00e0 la fois la logique commerciale (co\u00fbt, technologie, r\u00e9silience) et les facteurs de risque qui fa\u00e7onnent le choix de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de fiducie ou de la plateforme pour chaque actif cryptographique et les liquidit\u00e9s associ\u00e9es.<\/p>\n\n\n

Conformit\u00e9 comme Nouvelle R\u00e9f\u00e9rence<\/h3>\n\n\n

Les devoirs de conformit\u00e9 pour la garde des cryptomonnaies sont pass\u00e9s de listes de contr\u00f4le techniques \u00e0 une pratique fondamentale \u00e0 temps plein pour les conseillers et les fonds. La \u00ab R\u00e8gle de garde \u00bb \u00e9volutive de la SEC continuera presque certainement de se resserrer \u00e0 mesure que de nouveaux protocoles DeFi, outils blockchain et mod\u00e8les de garde entreront sur le march\u00e9. D\u00e9sormais, chaque conseiller est cens\u00e9 maintenir une surveillance d\u00e9taill\u00e9e des d\u00e9positaires d’actifs num\u00e9riques et conserver des dossiers complets montrant leur raisonnement et leur \u00e9valuation des risques alors que les cryptomonnaies passent d’un jeu de niche \u00e0 un actif central institutionnel.<\/p>\n\n\n

En regardant vers l’avenir, les participants du march\u00e9 devront rester agiles alors que la SEC met \u00e0 jour ses orientations en fonction des normes de tokens changeantes, des nouvelles menaces de cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9 et des cadres juridiques multi-juridictionnels.<\/p>\n\n“`","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

R\u00e8gle de garde de la SEC pour les conseillers en investissement crypto expliqu\u00e9e : Comprenez quels actifs crypto n\u00e9cessitent des d\u00e9positaires qualifi\u00e9s, la tendance d’application en 2024, les p\u00e9nalit\u00e9s, la diligence.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"SEC custody rule for crypto investment advisers explained","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"SEC custody rule for crypto investment advisers explained: Understand which crypto assets require qualified custodians, the 2024 enforcement trend, penalties, due","rank_math_description":"SEC custody rule for crypto investment advisers explained: Understand which crypto assets require qualified custodians, the 2024 enforcement trend, penalties, due","rank_math_focus_keyword":"SEC custody rule for crypto investment advisers explained","_stn_article_citation":"","_stn_article_about":"","_stn_article_speakable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[40],"class_list":["post-1608","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-regulation","tag-sec"],"yoast_head":"\nR\u00e8gle de garde de la SEC pour les conseillers<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"SEC custody rule for crypto investment advisers explained: Understand which crypto assets require qualified custodians, the 2024 enforcement trend, penalties, due\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/stnews.live\/fr\/2026\/06\/sec-custody-rule-crypto-investment-advisers-explained-today\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"R\u00e8gle de garde de la SEC pour les conseillers en investissement crypto expliqu\u00e9e aujourd'hui\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"SEC custody rule for crypto investment advisers explained: Understand which crypto assets require qualified custodians, the 2024 enforcement trend, penalties, due\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/stnews.live\/fr\/2026\/06\/sec-custody-rule-crypto-investment-advisers-explained-today\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"STnews\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/stnews\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-06-10T22:03:44+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Elena Petrova\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https:\/\/stnews.live\/app\/uploads\/stn-default-og.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@https:\/\/x.com\/epetrova_law\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@stnews_live\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Elena Petrova\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"9 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":[\"Organization\",\"NewsMediaOrganization\"],\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stnews.live\\\/fr\\\/#organization\\\/\",\"name\":\"STnews\",\"alternateName\":[\"ST News\",\"STnews\",\"stnews.live\",\"STnews.live\",\"STN\",\"S T News\",\"\u0421\u0422\u043d\u044c\u044e\u0441\",\"\u30a8\u30b9\u30c6\u30a3\u30fc\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30b9\",\"\u0625\u0633 \u062a\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0648\u0632\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stnews.live\\\/fr\\\/\",\"description\":\"STnews is an independent digital crypto-news platform covering Bitcoin, Ethereum, stablecoins, DeFi, regulatory developments, and on-chain intelligence in 8 languages. 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